Publications

Key pointsArmenia is working towards universal health coverage by expanding the basic benefits package (BBP) and by increasing public spending on health,...

Key pointsThe Ministry of Health holds the responsibility for overall policy and decision-making for the health system, manages public health centres,...

Key pointsBelarus’ health system is centralized, with the Ministry of Health setting priorities and policies that are implemented at the district,...

Key pointsBosnia and Herzegovina is made up of two entities – the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (itself divided into 10 cantons) and the Republika...

Key pointsCanada’s publicly funded, single-payer health system (Medicare) guarantees citizens and permanent residents universal coverage free at...

Key pointsIsrael has a National Health Insurance (NHI) system that covers all residents regardless of payment of contributions.Four competing health plans...

Key pointsThe Ministry of Healthcare governs Kazakhstan’s health system and is responsible for policy, legislation and regulation. The Oblast Health...

Key pointsKyrgyzstan’s health system provides a state-guaranteed package of services but the scope of publicly funded care is limited, with gaps...

Key pointsMexico’s health system covers most of the population, yet it is segmented and inequitable, with diverse funding sources and provider agencies...

Key pointsNear-universal population coverage is ensured under the Law on Compulsory Health Insurance, with residency the primary requirement for health...

Key pointsNorth Macedonia’s health system provides a relatively comprehensive basic benefits package, with more than 90% of the population covered...

Key pointsThe health system was recentralized in 2019 and the Ministry of Health is largely responsible for organization and governance.The Ministry of...

Key pointsThe United States does not have a single health system; rather, residents obtain health insurance from several different public and private programmes,...

Key pointsGeorgia has been expanding the package of publicly funded benefits and increasing public spending on health since 2013 in an effort to provide...

Key pointsThe Swiss health system is decentralized, with responsibilities divided across federal, cantonal and municipal levels of government.The system’s...

Key pointsTajikistan’s health system provides a publicly financed basic benefits package of services, but a significant number of people fall outside...

Key pointsUkraine’s health system has a single national purchasing agency, the National Health Service of Ukraine (NHSU), which contracts public...

Key pointsUniversal health coverage is central to the National Health Service (NHS). It is primarily funded through general taxation and is based on the...

Key pointsUzbekistan’s health system provides a basic set of publicly financed health services but it does not yet cover all essential services or...